Microbiology of Environmental Waters and Other Samples

Determination of Legionella Bacteria in Waters and Other Environmental Samples

Rationale for Surveying and Sampling

3.2 Equipment

Methods for the Examination of Waters and Associated Materials

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3.2 Equipment

The following equipment has been found useful and may be required for the collection of samples. 

  • Sample bottles  (usually 500 - 1000 ml, but 5 - 10 litre bottles may be required for mains water):
  • A variety of biocide-neutralising agents:
  • Sterile swabs, tubes and water and/or Pages’ saline or dilute Ringers solution:
  • Disinfectant  - 70 % v/v ethanol and water, 70 % v/v propan-2-ol and water, or 10 % sodium hypochlorite solution (1 % available chlorine is equivalent to 10000 mg l-1 chlorine); alternative systems such as heating may also be used:
  • Permanent marking or writing implements - these may need to be waterproof:
  • Recording forms, survey forms, checklists, labels:
  • Sterile silicone rubber tubing with appropriate clamps; - the tubing should be in 2-3 metres in length, of various internal diameters (15 - 30 mm) and packed in a manner that ensures they remain sterile prior to use:
  • Sterile plastic bags and polyethylene tubing, elastic bands and sterile scissors: 
  • Hand-held vacuum pump and sterile flasks:
  • Sterile disposable or sterilised re-usable dip samplers:
  • Calibrated thermometer (ideally, electronic):
  • Personal protective clothing (including disposable gloves, hard-hat, respirator, overalls, torch etc):
  • Voice recording device and camera.


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Format adapted by T2 Scientific© 2005

t2.200.1.v1.0

Source: Blue Book 200 Part 1 downloaded 27 May 2005